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0.05%:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629<\/strong>: \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a- \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/strong>: \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>7<\/strong><strong>&#8211; \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629- \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0635.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a2022- 2023\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p>\u0627<strong>\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a (\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n<p><strong>8<\/strong><strong>&#8211; \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><strong>: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a: <\/strong>\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>-\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/strong> <strong>Social Learning Theory<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a -\u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b-\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0622\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062d \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0627. (\u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c2020)<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 O&#8217;connor \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632.\u00a0 (O&#8217;connor,2013,359)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. (\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u064a\u060c 2020)<\/p>\n<p><u>\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/u>: \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 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\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 (30) \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0646\u0651 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>9-3-\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p>1-\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>2-\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 (Schunk,2000,78).<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631- \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0637\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c 2005 \u060c14).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;<strong>\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0631\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638) \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649(\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c) \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 (Craigg,2020).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p>1-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>2-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>3-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>4-\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638.\u00a0\u00a0 (Mcleod,2016)<\/p>\n<p><strong>-\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638:<\/p>\n<p>1-\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 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